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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mathnas</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Труды Института математики НАН Беларуси</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the Institute of Mathematics of the NAS of Belarus</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1812-5093</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Институт математики НАН Беларуси</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.67268/1812-5093-2026-34-1-18-38</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">CBBMGE</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mathnas-134</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АЛГЕБРА И ТЕОРИЯ ЧИСЕЛ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ALGEBRA AND NUMBER THEORY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Веретенообразность систем весов представлений алгебраических групп малого ранга и регулярные унипотентные элементы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The spindle property of weight systems of representations of small rank algebraic groups and regular unipotent elements</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Осиновская</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Osinovskaya</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anna@im.bas-net.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт математики НАН Беларуси</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Mathematics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>34</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>18</fpage><lpage>38</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Осиновская А.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Осиновская А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Osinovskaya A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://mathnas.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/134">https://mathnas.ejournal.by/jour/article/view/134</self-uri><abstract><p>Рассматриваются неприводимые представления простых алгебраических групп над полем $\mathbb{C}$ комплексных чисел. Для групп типа $A_2$, $A_3$ и $C_2$ получено обобщение знаменитой теоремы Дынкина о веретенообразности системы весов. Это позволило описать Жорданову нормальную форму унипотентных элементов в неприводимых представлениях таких групп, точнее определить размерности всех блоков Жордана образов унипотентных элементов без нахождения количества этих блоков.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>We study irreducible representations of simple algebraic groups over the field $\mathbb{C}$ of~complex numbers. For groups of type $A_2$, $A_3$ and $C_2$ a generalization of the famous Dynkin theorem on the spindle property of the weight system is obtained. This has made it possible to describe the Jordan normal form of unipotent elements in irreducible representations of such groups, i.e., to determine the dimensions of all Jordan blocks of the images of unipotent elements without finding the number of these blocks.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>классические линейные группы</kwd><kwd>представления</kwd><kwd>унипотентные элементы</kwd><kwd>регулярные унипотентные элементы</kwd><kwd>блоки Жордана.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>classical linear groups</kwd><kwd>representations</kwd><kwd>unipotent elements</kwd><kwd>regular unipotent elements</kwd><kwd>Jordan blocks.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Стейнберг Р. Лекции о группах Шевалле. М.: Мир, 1975. 262 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Steinberg R. Lectures on Chevalley groups. 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